What the HIPAA Security Rule actually asks for
The HIPAA Security Rule applies to electronic protected health information, and it covers both covered entities, such as medical and dental practices, and business associates, such as billing companies and IT vendors that handle patient data on their behalf. Rather than prescribing specific products, it requires you to implement reasonable and appropriate safeguards based on your own risks, size, and resources.
Those safeguards fall into three categories. Administrative safeguards cover policies, workforce training, access management, and assigning security responsibility. Physical safeguards cover facility access, workstation placement, and how devices and media are handled and disposed of. Technical safeguards cover access controls, audit logging, integrity protections, and transmission security. Each category contains a mix of required and addressable specifications, and addressable does not mean optional.